Bahasa Hái-nâm
Basa Hái-nâm ( Basa Hái-nâm: Hái-nâm-oe / 海南話 ) atawa Basa Haynan rik Basa Qiongwen joda da salah osay basa say dituturko Jolma Hái-nâm di Pulau Hainan, Cina. Basa sija tikuruk dilom Rumpun Bahasa Min.
Gambar | |
| Nagara |  Hainan,  Cina
|
| Pok | .svg){kind=small} Asia Darak
|
| Jumlah Panutur | 5,000,000 |
| Sistim Panulisan | Tulisan China Alfabet Latin (Bǽh-oe-tu) |
| Status | Tiancam punah, lah sabagian balak panutur aslina kok ngalih makai basa barih |
| Etnis | Hái-nâm |
| Dialek | 1. Dialek Wenchang (文昌片) 2. Dialek Fucheng (府城片) 3. Dialek Wanning (萬寧片) 4. Dialek Yaxian (崖縣片) 5. Dialek Changgan (昌感片) |
| Kaluwarga Bahasa | 1. Rumpun Bahasa Sino-Tibet 2. Rumpun Bahasa Cina 3. Rumpun Bahasa Min 4. Bahasa Hái-nâm |
| Bahasa say Tikahik | Bahasa Teochew |
Huruf
dandaniRomanisasi
dandaniPinyin Hainan (海南話拼音方案) joda da sistim fonetik say diumumko bak Education Administration Department of Guangdong Province di bulan September 1960. Nada titandai rik angka.
Pangkal
dandani| IPA | Pinyin Hainan | Bǽh-oe-tu | Cuntuh |
|---|---|---|---|
| ɓ | b | b | 北 |
| p | b | p | 波 |
| pʰ | p | ph | 坡 |
| ɸ | p | f | 皮 |
| m | m | m | 摩 |
| b | v | b | ? |
| v | v | v | 無 |
| t | d | t | 裝 |
| ɗ | dd | d | 刀 |
| n | n | n | 挪 |
| l | l | l | 羅 |
| k | g | k | 哥 |
| ŋ | ng | g | 俄 |
| x | h | kh | 可 |
| h | hh | h | 號 |
| ɠ | gh | g | 我 |
| ts | z | c | 支 |
| s | s | s | 妻 |
| z | y | j | 余 |
Uncuk
dandani| IPA | Pinyin Hainan | Bǽh-oe-tu | Cuntuh |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | a | a | 亞 |
| o | o | o | 荷 |
| ɛ | e | e | 摩 |
| i | i | i | 醫 |
| u | u | u | 嗚 |
| ai | ai | ai | 哀 |
| ɔi | oi | oi | 鞋 |
| au | ao | au | 喉 |
| ia | ia | ia | 也 |
| iɔ | io | io | 腰 |
| ua | ua | oa | 換 |
| ue | ue | oe | 話 |
| ui | ui | oi | 威 |
| uai | uai | oai | 壞 |
| ɔu | ou | ou | 黑 |
| iu | iu | iu | 柚 |
| iau | iao | iau | 妖 |
| iam | iam | iam | 厭 |
| im | im | im | 音 |
| am | am | am | 暗 |
| an | an | an | 安 |
| in | in | in | 煙 |
| un | un | un | 溫 |
| uan | uan | oan | 彎 |
| aŋ | ang | ag | 紅 |
| eŋ | eng | eg | 英 |
| ɔŋ | ong | og | 翁 |
| iaŋ | iang | iag | 央 |
| uaŋ | uang | oag | 汪 |
| iɔŋ | iong | iog | 匈 |
| ip | ib | ib | 邑 |
| iap | iab | iab | 協 |
| at | ad | at | 遏 |
| it | id | it | 乙 |
| ut | ud | ut | 核 |
| uat | uad | oat | 挖 |
| ak | ag | ak | 鶴 |
| ek | eg | ek | 益 |
| ok | og | ok | 喔 |
| iok | iog | iok | 育 |
| uak | uag | oak | 廓 |
| -ʔ | -h | -h | 不 |
Cuntuh Tulisan
dandani《鷦鷯》
dandani鷦鷯以前著蜀嗼車棚裏做岫，有蜀次兩亓老亓飛出共孧亓揣食，就聼濟孧亓家己許尐。蜀歇囝，鷦鷯父轉厝。
「偌尐佗怎樣去亓咧？」伊講，「俍訛汝夥去亓咧。孥啊？汝夥總驚成偌樣去！」
「哎呀，阿爸啊。」伊夥講，「剛剛有嗼鬼怪大大亓趁尐行過，嗼形又㾀又做儂驚！嗼目大大瞪咱嗼夥岫知無，做我夥望望驚落魄去！」
「許吀，」鷦鷯父講，「伊去佗去？」「嗯，」伊夥講，「伊去許爿去了。」
「等下囉，」鷦鷯父講，「我去趕伊，阿孥偌候無用擔心，我硬搦伊著亓。」接著伊就飛去趕伊。
伊飛夠轉彎佗消，發現蜀隻獅子行許尐佗。但是鷦鷯無驚，伊停著獅子嗼咖脊上開始罵伊，「汝來我厝厝做勿是？」伊講，「猶嚇我厝囝呢？」獅子無插伊繼續行。
偌下做偌嗼孧喇叭斥伊更重起來。「我講度汝聽！偌空佗無是汝來得亓，汝猶欲轉亓話，」伊講，「哼，許樣汝就知死了！我真無想偌樣做亓，」伊邊講邊擔蜀爿骹起，「但是汝偌嗼咖脊我可以蜀下就用骹踏必去亓！」
過後伊飛轉岫裏。「做得去了，孥啊，」伊講，「我修嗼相去了。伊無解轉了。」
tsiau24 liau22 zi22 tai22 ddu42 ziak1 mo42 sia24 phong22 lail to5 tiu24, qu42 ziak1 si213 no42 kai22 lau42 kai22 bbie24 sut5 kang24 niau5 kai22 ddie55 tsia1, tsiu22 en235 toi24 niau5 kai22 ka24 ki24 a55 ti5. ziak1 en55 kie21, tsiau24 liau22 bbe42 ddui21 siu213 zio55.
「ti5 dde213 tai24 qio24 u24 kai22 le24 ?」 qi24 kong21, 「niang42 ngo22 lu215 ie21 u24 kai22 le24, nong21 a55? lu215 ie21 tong21 kia24 tsia22 zio213 qio24 u24」
「qai42 ial, qa24 bba5 a55,」 qi245 ie21 kong21, 「kiang55 kiang24 qu42 mol ku21 kuai213 ddua24 ddua24 kai22 an55 ti5 kia22 kie213, mo55 en22 ziu24 xiap5 ziu24 to5 nang22 kia24 ! mo55 mak1 ddua24 ddua24 dden24 nan215 ie21 mo55 tiu24 tai24 bo225, to24 gua215 ie21 mo24 mo24 kia24 lak5 phe5 u24」
「o213 me5,」 tsiau24 liau22 bbe42 kong21, 「qi24 xu55 dde213 u24 ? 」 「ng21,」 qi245 ie21 kong21, 「qi24 xu55 a55 bbai22 u24 lau21.」
「ddan21 e24 lo1,」 tsiau24 liau22 bbe42 kong21, 「gua21 xu55 kua21 qi24, qa24 nong21 zio55 au24 bo22 ziong42 ddan24 tim24, gua21 nge42 lia1 qi24 ddo21 kai22.」 tsiap5 ddo1 qi24 tsiu22 bbie24 xu55 kua21 qi24.
qi24 bbie24 kau55 tuan22 quan24 dde213 tiau24, uat5 in213 tsiak1 tsia5 su24 tsi21 kia22 a55 ti5 dde213. ne24 ti22 tsiau24 liau22 bo22 kia24, qi24 xen22 ddu42 su24 tsi21 mo55 ka24 tsia5 tsio24 xui24 ti22 me24 qi24, 「lu21 lai22 gua21 su55 siu213 to5 mi5 ti22 ?」 qi24 kong21, ziang21 e5 gua21 su55 kia21 ni235 ?」 su24 tsi21 bo22 sap5 qi24 ki55 tua213 kia22.
zio55 e24 to5 zio55 mo1 niau5 la5 bba5 sia5 qi24 ken55 ddang42 xi21 lai22. 「gua21 kong21 xu55 lu21 xia24 ! zio55 xang24 dde213 bo22 ti42 lu21 lai22 ddit5 kai22, lu21 ziang21 bie55 ddui21 kai22 ie24,」 qi24 kong21, 「xng5, a55 qio24 lu21 tsiu22 tai24 ti21 lau21 ! gua21 tsin21 bo22 tio42 zio55 qio24 to5 kai22,」 qi24 bbi24 kong21 bbi24 dda24 ziak1 bbai22 xa24 xi21, 「ne24 ti22 lu21 zio55 mol ka24 tsia5 gua21 xo21 zi22 ziak1 qe24 tsiu22 qio5 xa24 dda1 bbit5 u24 kai22 !」
kie213 qau42 qi24 bbie24 ddui21 tiu24 lai1. 「to5 ddit5 u24 lau21, nong21 a55,」 qi24 kong21, 「gua21 tiu245 mo55 tio213 u24 lau21, qi24 bo22 qoi42 ddui221 lau21.」
Manuk wirin biasona nyalai di garasi. Bagitu anak manuk wirin sai kok tuha-tuha torbang luwah, tiyan haga nyopok sasuatu untuk dikanik anak-anakna rik ninggalko anak-anakna posai-posai. Saradu pira pangaji waktu, Bapak Wirin muloh guk lombahan.
"Apiya sai kok tijadi dija sa?" Cakna. "Sapa sai kok nyaki'i kuti, sanak? Kuti kaunyinna karabaian!"
"Uy, Bak?" Cak tiyan, "uwat Bugimen sai pai tilikut ratong. Oya kaliyakanna hotung rik ngarabaiko! Oya ngaliyak sangkar sikam rik matana sai balak. Sikam jadi rabai!"
"Sapona yo," cak Bapak Wirin, "guk pa ia lijung?" "Yu," cak tiyan, "oya lijung guk san."
"Ponah!" Cak Bapak Wirin, "Nyak haga ngahalauna. Dang galang hati, sanak-sanak. Nyak haga kutinjuk ia." Raduna oya torbang ngahalauna.
Harak ia tiba di bilukan, bakahna si singa sai lapah disan. Kidang manuk wirin mak rabai hamak. Oya honggop di karuyung singa rik mulai ngabutongina. "Apiya urusanmu ratong guk pokku," cakna, "rik ngarabai-rabai anak-anakku?" Singa mak dihuwonkona hamak rik torus ngunyur lapah.
Ina ngguwai si ronik tukang cariwit sina nambah marah. "Niku mak saharusna uwat disan, cakku! Rik man niku muloh," cakna, "payu, niku liyak nonti! Nyak mak haga nggawikona," cakna rik akhirna ngangkat salah sai kukutna, "tapi nyak haga matohko karuyungmu rik kukutku sangobok lagi!"
Saradu sina ia torbang muloh guk sangkarna. "Na, anak-anak," cakna, "Nyak kok radu nginjuk'ina palajaran. Ia mak bakal muloh."
The wren used to have his nest in the car shed. Once the old ones had both flown out-they had wanted to get something to eat for their young and had left the little ones all alone. After a while, Father Wren returns home.
"What's happened here?" he says. "Who harmed you, children? You are all terrified!"
"Oh, Dad? they say, "some big bogeyman came by just now. He looked so fierce and horrible! He stared into our nest with his big eyes. That scared us so!"
"I see," Father Wren says, "where did he go?" "Well," they say, "he went down that way."
"Wait!" Father Wren says, "I'll be after him. Don't you worry now, children. I'll get him." Thereupon he flies after him.
When he comes around the bend, it is the lion who is walking along there. But the wren is not afraid. He alights on the lion's back and starts scolding him. "What business do you have coming to my house," he says, "and terifying my children?" The lion pays no attention to it and keeps walking.
That makes the little loud-mouth berate him even more fiercely. "You have no business being there, I tell you! And if you come back" he says, "well, then you'll see! I don't really want to do it," he says and finally lifts one of his legs, "but I'd break your back with my leg in a second!"
Thereupon he flies back to his nest. "There you go, children," he says, "I've taught that one a lesson. He won't be back."